Splendid orchids

Splendid orchids

Common spotted orchids by Wendy Carter

Take a closer look at these beauties of the plant world...

Orchid. One word that conjures mystery – a plant-hunters delight or an exotic bloom. It’s not too far from the truth.

Before I began working for the Trust, I thoroughly believed that orchids were all as rare as hen's teeth. Think Midsomer Murders episodes where dastardly deeds take place in the name of a flower. Some orchids really are very rare indeed but some are relatively common here in Worcestershire and, from meadows to churchyards to gardens, this is the time to make the most of them.

Did you know that we've lost an astonishing 97% of our flower-rich meadows in England since the 1940s? And did you know that Worcestershire is home to around 20% of those that remain? We're a really important county for meadows as well as the flowers and wildlife that they support. 

‘Orchis’, the Latin name for orchids, means testicle and refers to the root tubers underground – one growing and one withering – and this led to concoctions of root tubers being used as aphrodisiacs in classical times. For me, one of the most interesting thing about orchids is that each species has a close symbiotic relationship with fungi; without certain fungal mycorrhizals on their roots, they just won’t grow.

Green-winged orchids in a field

Green-veined orchids by Wendy Carter

Green-veined orchids, exceptionally rare in some parts of England but not so much here in Worcestershire, get their English name from the 'hood' of each flower, which appear to be lined with green veins. Morio, from their Latin name, Orchis morio, means fool and refers to the jester-like motley of its flowers. If you're able to get down low to one without crushing the vegetation around it, it's worth looking at the individual flowers of orchids to see how you might have chosen to name a species.

Bright pink pyramid-shaped flower of a pyramidal orchid

Pyramidal orchid by Wendy Carter

Pyramidal orchids mostly grow on old well-drained grassland, usually on lime soils. Rather amazingly, given the need for a specific fungus in order to grow, they can also appear on suitable soils on motorway verges, roundabouts, canal towpaths and more, proving that orchids don't read our rule books and aren't just found in meadows.

Common spotted orchids growing in a group in a meadow

Common spotted orchids by Wendy Carter

Like the name suggests, common spotted orchids are our most common UK orchid and have black spots on the leaves. A few years ago, I was amazed to find dozens of them along wide sunny rides in our woodland nature reserves (I was clearly very orchid-ignorant before my colleagues educated me). You might also spot them amongst scrub and along railway embankments as well as the more traditional meadows and grasslands. 

Bee orchid

Bee orchid by Wendy Carter

Perhaps my favourite orchids are bee orchids, not just because I love bees but who can resist this almost smiling-face of the flowers? Again, the name reflects what the orchid looks like - it mimics a female bee, in both scent and appearance, in order to attract male bees who fly in and try to mate with it, thus taking the pollen away with them to another flower. This photo was taken in a Worcestershire churchyard but they pop up in meadows, on verges and lawns so it's another one to look out for as you wander our beautiful county.

Wherever you are, keep a lookout for orchids. Yes, they're a bit special and don't grow 'just' anywhere but they can appear in what might first seem the most unlikeliest of places. Meadows are an obvious place to go looking but you might spot them in woodlands or your local churchyard. We know people who've stopped mowing parts of their urban garden lawns all year around and, within a year or two, orchids have begun to pop up. 

Like most flowers, orchids are delicate and don't like being trampled so if you are seeking these beauties, please keep to paths and don't tread on the vegetation. It goes without saying that you shouldn't dig up an orchid but as many are slow-growing and only flower once in their lifetime, it's important never to pick their flowers either, no matter how pretty they are.