Ladybird, ladybird

Ladybird, ladybird

7-spot ladybird by Wendy Carter

Take a look at the spotty (and not-so-spotty) world of ladybirds...

Ladybird ladybird, fly away home was one of the first rhymes that I learnt as a child. It's a verse that's familiar to most of us and, like me, I imagine that you too fell in love with these bright, rotund little critters when you were small. They’d happily bumble around on my hand if I could persuade them to hop on. I distinctly remember the day when I discovered they were actually beetles. I'll admit it, spiders I loved but those black things that scuttled around on the ground? They freaked me out! Beetles? Ladybirds were beetles? I was shocked.  How could these beauties be those scuttlers?  In that moment, I’d gained a new appreciation of both the bright little ladies and the ‘ugly’ black ground dwellers.

It should come as no surprise that the collective noun for ladybirds is a loveliness; these pretty beetles have been admired since the Middle Ages. In fact, they were originally referred to as 'Our Lady's Bird' because in early paintings, the Virgin Mary wore a red cloak. Our most common ladybird, the red-with-black-spots 7-spot, was said to represent her seven joys and seven sorrows.

    Orange ladybird (orange with creamy white spots) side-on as it walks down a green leaf

    Orange ladybird by Wendy Carter

    Given how familiar we all are with the 7-spot ladybird, it will probably surprise you to learn that there are more than 45 species of ladybird in the UK. Whilst many have names that are based on the number of spots you can count on their wing cases (elytra), there are only 26 species that are recognisable as the brightly coloured, spotty beetles that we know and love. Some are named after their colouring (orange) or shape of the spots (kidney, cream-streaked or hieroglyphic) whilst some of the smaller ones only have scientific names because they're so infrequently found. You can explore a few of these species in our feature lovely ladybirds.

      2 7-spot ladybirds amongst aphids and ants on a plant

      7-spot ladybirds with aphids and ants by Wendy Carter

      Ladybirds are another of the gardener's friends. For some species, both adults and larvae will munch for hours on the aphids that can cause trouble for some of our plants. A few years ago I whiled away some time watching the drama unfold on a golden feverfew plant in my garden - ladybirds had arrived for an aphid snack but the ants were already farming the aphids for the honeydew (a sweet liquid) that they produce. The ladybirds bided their time and then chanced their arms (legs?) as they wandering into the aphid groups for a bite to eat. In the photo, you can see the ants starting to clamber over one of the hungry ladybirds as it made a move for dinner.

      There are several species that eat aphids but others, like the 22-spot ladybird, eat mildew. Others still feed on fungi, lichen and pollen. The diminutive horseshoe ladybird hides away in ivy or dense vegetation like honeysuckle and feeds on whitefly.

        Judging by the records coming in from the public via our Wildlife Sightings scheme, spring of 2024 is proving to be a good one for 7-spot ladybirds. The weather has been a bit up and down so far but ladybirds have emerged from their winter slumbers and have, hopefully, been busy finding mates and creating the next generation. Keep a look out for their alien-looking larvae as the seasons turn as well as for their pupae, hiding the transformation of larva into adult.